Page 22 - Azərbaycan xalçaları

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Stripes of palases related to the early period of
carpet making and woven using threading methods
have three artistic forms of development:
a) plain stripes
b) wavy stripes
c) stripes with ornaments
In general, palases were widely known among nomadic people,
including the area of Mugan, while jejims were used in Agjabedi and
Jabrayil. Usually, palases were made on a vertical loom and jejims on
a horizontal.
The second stage in the art of carpet making is actually its first
stage of development from both the technical and artistic points of
view. During this period, the kilim weaving method based on an
interweaving technique begins to develop. The appearance of this
technique enabled the weaving of simple motifs or forms on the
carpets. As in many other regions of Azerbaijan, palases and kilims
were used as internal and external decorative covers on pavement and
the ground in front of nomadic tents, huts, and wedding houses. Barda
and Jabrayil are particularly known for kilim production.
The third stage is characterized by the invention of the weaving
method used for verni, shedde, zili, sumakh, and ladi. With wider
use of complex wrapping techniques, this period created ample
opportunities for the development of more complex carpet ornaments
and various-sized decorative elements.
Known as the third stage of carpet making and differing in the
complex wrapping techniques, sheddes and vernis were mostly made
in places with livestock breeding. Therefore, we can often observe
stylized figures of animals on this type of carpet. In the highlands
of Karabakh, there are many examples of saddlecloths for horses,
camels, and bulls woven using shedde and verni techniques as well
as curtains, mafrash, and other home goods. The source of shedde and
verni production is thought to be Barda and Nakhchivan.
There are very few cases of vernis made of silk in the region of
Karabakh. Zili, made using the complex wrapping technique, is
considered to be a more advanced form of carpet by comparison to
shedde and verni because of its weaving method and artistic look.
The motifs of Karabakh zilis contained not only depictions of animals,
but also primitive geometrical elements. Even though Barda was the
Jejims and zilis in daily use.
These artistic
forms of
development
are related to
jejims also.